high CVSS 7.8

CVE-2025-21879·Kernel vulnerability

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix use-after-free on inode when scanning root during em shrinking At btrfs_scan_root() we are accessing the inode's root (and fs_info) in a call to btrfs_fs_closing() after we have scheduled the inode for a delayed iput, and that can result in a use-after-free on the inode in case the cleaner kthread does the iput before we dereference the inode in the call to btrfs_fs_closing(). Fix this by using the fs_info stored already in a local variable instead of doing inode->root->fs_info.

Severity
high
Software
Kernel
Fixed in
6.13.6
Published
2025-03-27

Affected versions

From: 6.13

Until: 6.13.6

Fixed in: 6.13.6

How to fix this CVE

Update your Linux kernel to version 6.13.6 or later to resolve this use-after-free vulnerability in the btrfs filesystem. The vulnerability occurs when the kernel accesses freed inode memory during root scanning operations. Systems running kernel versions 6.13 through 6.13.5 should prioritize this update to prevent potential system instability or memory corruption.

sudo dnf update kernel kernel-devel

Defensia detects this vulnerability

How to check if you are affected

  1. Run `uname -r` to display the currently running kernel version and compare against the vulnerable range 6.13 through 6.13.5
  2. Check if btrfs filesystems are in use by running `df -t btrfs` or `mount | grep btrfs` to determine if the affected code path is active
  3. Search system logs for btrfs-related errors using `grep -i 'use.after.free\|use-after-free\|btrfs.*error' /var/log/kern.log /var/log/messages 2>/dev/null`
  4. Verify the kernel has been updated by rebooting the system and confirming `uname -r` returns version 6.13.6 or later

FAQ

What is CVE-2025-21879?

CVE-2025-21879 is a use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's btrfs filesystem code where the kernel accesses an inode after it has been scheduled for deferred cleanup, potentially leading to memory corruption or system crashes.

Is CVE-2025-21879 being actively exploited?

No, CVE-2025-21879 is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog and no public exploits are available. However, the high CVSS score of 7.8 warrants prompt patching.

What versions of Kernel are affected by CVE-2025-21879?

Kernel versions 6.13 through 6.13.5 are affected. Version 6.13.6 and later contain the fix.

How do I check if my server is vulnerable to CVE-2025-21879?

Run `uname -r` and if the output shows a kernel version in the 6.13.x range before 6.13.6, your system is vulnerable. Additionally verify btrfs is in use with `mount | grep btrfs`.

Does Defensia detect CVE-2025-21879?

Yes — Defensia's CVE advisory scanner compares installed package versions against the NVD database. If the Linux kernel is installed on a monitored server, CVE-2025-21879 will appear in your dashboard with remediation steps.

Related Kernel CVEs

CVE-2024-42256CVSS 9.8In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cifs: Fix server re-repick on subrequest retry When a subrequest is marked for needing retry, netfs will call cifs_prepare_write() which will make cifs repick the server for the op before renegotiating credits; it then calls cifs_issue_write() which invokes smb2_async_writev() - which re-repicks the server. If a different server is then selected, this causes the increment of server->in_flight to happen against one record and the decrement to happen against another, leading to misaccounting. Fix this by just removing the repick code in smb2_async_writev(). As this is only called from netfslib-driven code, cifs_prepare_write() should always have been called first, and so server should never be NULL and the preparatory step is repeated in the event that we do a retry. The problem manifests as a warning looking something like: WARNING: CPU: 4 PID: 72896 at fs/smb/client/smb2ops.c:97 smb2_add_credits+0x3f0/0x9e0 [cifs] ... RIP: 0010:smb2_add_credits+0x3f0/0x9e0 [cifs] ... smb2_writev_callback+0x334/0x560 [cifs] cifs_demultiplex_thread+0x77a/0x11b0 [cifs] kthread+0x187/0x1d0 ret_from_fork+0x34/0x60 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 Which may be triggered by a number of different xfstests running against an Azure server in multichannel mode. generic/249 seems the most repeatable, but generic/215, generic/249 and generic/308 may also show it.
CVE-2024-36031CVSS 9.8In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: keys: Fix overwrite of key expiration on instantiation The expiry time of a key is unconditionally overwritten during instantiation, defaulting to turn it permanent. This causes a problem for DNS resolution as the expiration set by user-space is overwritten to TIME64_MAX, disabling further DNS updates. Fix this by restoring the condition that key_set_expiry is only called when the pre-parser sets a specific expiry.
CVE-2024-38612CVSS 9.8In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: sr: fix invalid unregister error path The error path of seg6_init() is wrong in case CONFIG_IPV6_SEG6_LWTUNNEL is not defined. In that case if seg6_hmac_init() fails, the genl_unregister_family() isn't called. This issue exist since commit 46738b1317e1 ("ipv6: sr: add option to control lwtunnel support"), and commit 5559cea2d5aa ("ipv6: sr: fix possible use-after-free and null-ptr-deref") replaced unregister_pernet_subsys() with genl_unregister_family() in this error path.
CVE-2024-38623CVSS 9.8In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/ntfs3: Use variable length array instead of fixed size Should fix smatch warning: ntfs_set_label() error: __builtin_memcpy() 'uni->name' too small (20 vs 256)
CVE-2021-47548CVSS 9.8In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ethernet: hisilicon: hns: hns_dsaf_misc: fix a possible array overflow in hns_dsaf_ge_srst_by_port() The if statement: if (port >= DSAF_GE_NUM) return; limits the value of port less than DSAF_GE_NUM (i.e., 8). However, if the value of port is 6 or 7, an array overflow could occur: port_rst_off = dsaf_dev->mac_cb[port]->port_rst_off; because the length of dsaf_dev->mac_cb is DSAF_MAX_PORT_NUM (i.e., 6). To fix this possible array overflow, we first check port and if it is greater than or equal to DSAF_MAX_PORT_NUM, the function returns.

References

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